Elastic surface liner for abrasive service



April 7, 1953 D. E. STINES ELASTIC SURFACE LINER FOR ABRASIVE SERVICES Filed Oct. 11, 1947 iii 3 a??? 3 2 it TI 6. -'3 @aniel Ti. Std-ms Caoveozar .5 aih-%taoroe Patented Apr. 1253 UN STAT P TENT -f 1 ,c tiff ELASTIC SURFACE LINER FO R ration of Delaware i "f l'i iiicin. stjmcsQ-Pminfieia, N. .i.,]assign6r to. Standard OilDeVelopment Company, a corpo- Application Qc'tober 11, 1947, Serial Nb. 779.231

3 The present invention relates to a meansfor preventing erosion of th e interior surfaces of w lines d reads i a st m for h d fluidized solids, and to an elastic surface liner for such service.

In .the handling of finely divided solid materials, for example powdered catalyst materials suspended in a stream of. liquid or gas; the abrasive action of ,the, finely divided Jfiuidized material moving through a conduit system at comparatively high velocity causes extensive erosion of the surfaces with which the particles come in contact. The abrasive action is particularly noticeable at points of direct impingement of the particles, as a result of sudden changes in direction of flow. Various means have been employed to alleviate the effect of such abrasive action. Surface hardening of the inner walls of flow lines, special alloy, hardened inserts, and surface coating of materials having a surface resiliency or elasticity, such as rubber, plastics and the like, have been used. Under certain conditions some of these expedients have been satisfactory, but none of them have combined resistance to high temperature and chemical action with the characteristic of surface elasticity which has been found most effective in resisting the erosive effect of impingement of finely divided solid particles traveling at high velocity.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a lining material for flow lines and vessels containing abrasive solid particles in motion. .More particularly it is an object of the invention to provide a fabricated lining composed of materials which while not necessarily having the inherent characteristic of surface elasticity are so fabricated and used as to produce a lining material which has that characteristic, and also the ability to withstand high temperatures, above 800 F., and chemical action of substances brought into contact with it.

These and other objects of the invention may be fully understood from the following specification when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a liner material according to this invention, enlarged to show the detail thereof;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of a portion of a liner material as shownin Fig. 1, taken along the line 11-11 thereof;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through a portion of a conduit member, showing a liner material according to Figs. 1 and 2 as applied to the inner surface of such a member.

As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the lining ma; terial is fabricated with a base woven of a line drawn wire, the warp l and woof 2 being of a metal or alloy having such characteristics of hardness, resistance to'temperature, chemical'action, and'toabrasion, as'may be desired'.-"This base is provided with a resilientpilesurface or nap formed of a plurality of tufts 3. Each tuft is composed'of a cluster of individual 'flbresof a material similar to that of the base, and the several tufts are individually secured to the warp or woof elements of the base, by spot welding, indicated at 3a in Fig. 2, or otherwise, in alternating closely spaced rows. In securing the tufts to the base they are disposed so that they extend angularly outwardly from the base and are inclined in one general direction, with the unsecured ends of the tufts in one row substantially overlapping the secured ends of the.

tufts in an adjoining row so as to produce a thatched effect, whereby the tufts extend substantially concurrent with and in the direction of fiow of solid material over the liner material.

The liner material as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 may be formed or shaped to fit the interior of any conduit member such as a pipe or vessel, and secured to the inner surface area thereof as by means of spot welding or clips, or in any other conventional and suitable manner. As illustrated in Fig. 3, a pipe 4 is provided with a liner 5 of the material as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, which liner is disposed within and secured to the inner surface of the pipe 4 so that the individual tufts 3 all extend in the general direction of flow through the pipe as indicated by directional arrows in the drawings.

When thus constructed, the liner provides a surface in which the individual elements have a yielding, resilient, and springy resistance to the impact of the individual particles of a finely divided solid material which may strike against them. Thus, although these individual elementsare of a material which in itself does not possess the characteristic of surface elasticity, when fabricated as described, a lining material is formed which acquires the characteristic of surface elasticity while retaining the inherent ability of the basic material to resist the effect of temperature or chemical action. Naturally, the individual elements forming the nap or pile of the liner material will be subject to abrasion, although to a lesser extent than a plain surface, and therefore the lining is removable and replaceable as required in service.

In the form of the invention illustrated and described, it is contemplated that the diameter 3 of the individual fibres forming the nap or pile of the liner will be in the neighborhood of about 0.005 inch, while that of the fibres in the woven base will be about 0.04 inch, spaced from one another in the fabric at about 0.12 inch.

I claim:

In an apparatus for handling; finely divided solid materials, including a conduit member which defines a confined fiow path for such, materials as a fluidized stream thereof, an abrasion resistant liner for the; inner stir facev of."

a conduit member, comprising a substantially.

rigid, deformable woven base of metallic fihresg, including warp and woof elements, thereofgsai'd. base rigidly secured to and conforming with the inner surface area of a conduit member, and a plurality of individual tufts of finely drawn metallic fibres, said tufts individually secured to said base woof elements by one end and in substantially parallel rows, said tufts extending outwardly from said base in substantially uniform. angular relation thereto, and in the direction of flow through such conduit; member,v the. unsecured, ends. of said tufts. in one row' substantially overlapping the secured ends of the tufts in. an adjacentjrow in. the direction of. flow through. such. conduit member, whereby said. tufts. eel.- leetively provide a. substantially resilient impact surface. in. which individual tuft fibres are free to; flex. under. impact. ofindiv'idual. moving par- REFERENCES CITED The; following references; are at. record. in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date 398,428 Midgley Feb. 26, 1889 605,234. Sherk June 7, 1898 6.45 1183? R 'chmondt Mar. 13, 1900 38%,8861 Williot May 19, 1908 928,196 Herald July 13, 1909 .l:, 'i-0Q',12fiv Goodloe Jan. 29, 1929 1,750, 4A6. Walace Mar. 11, 1930 1,765,795 Kessler June 24, 1930 1,779,771 Hartwell Oct; 28, 1930 I=,908;334' Etem s lvfaa r 9", 1933 2,078,949 Grebe May 1, 1937 2,309,685. Westwood g Feb. 2'; 1.9 3.

FOREIGN PATENTS.

Number Country Date 1,707 Great. Britain-.1- of 1 869 25,254 Great Britain of189-7' 320,635 Great: Britain. July 16;, 1 .929 

